ﺭﻭﺷـــﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﻄـــﺮﺡ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﻴﻨـــﻪ ﻣﺪﻟﺴـــﺎﺯﻱ ﺯﻣﺎﻧﻤﻨـــﺪ ﺷـــﻴﺊ ﮔـــﺮﺍ ﺩﺭ ﻋﻠـــﻮﻡ ﻛـــﺎﻣﭙﻴﻮﺗﺮ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺗﻨـــﺪ ﺍﺯ

:[Yuan, 2002 ; Liou,1999]

- ﻣﺪﻟﺴﺎﺯﻱ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﻣﻔﺎﻫﻴﻢ ﺗﻮﺍﻟﻲ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ (TSC/Temporal sequence collection) 

- ﻣﺪﻟﺴﺎﺯﻱ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﻣﻔﺎﻫﻴﻢ ﺍﺷﻴﺎﺀ ﺯﻣﺎﻧﻲ(OODAPLEX)

ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺪﻟﻬﺎ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺪﻟﻬﺎﻱ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺍﺯ ﺩﻳﺪ GIS ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ :

(Event based spatio-temporal data modeling /ESTDM)ﻣﺒﻨﺎ ﺣﺎﺩﺛﻪ ﺯﻣﺎﻧﻲ-ﻓﻀﺎﻱ ﻣﺪﻟﺴﺎﺯﻱ -

- ﻣﺪﻟﺴﺎﺯﻱ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﻣﺒﻨﺎ(Domain oriented modeling)

ﺫﻳﻼﹰ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﺭﻭﺷﻬﺎﻱ ﻓﻮﻕ ﻣﻲ ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺯﻳﻢ.

(i) ﻣﺪﻟﺴﺎﺯﻱ ﻓﻀﺎﻳﻲ- ﺯﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﺣﺎﺩﺛﻪ ﻣﺒﻨﺎ(ESTDM) 

ﻣﺪﻝ ESTDM ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﻣﺪﻝ Temporal map set ) TMS ﻛﻪ ﻳﻚ ﻧﻤﻮﻧـﻪ ﺍﺯ Snapshot ﻣـﻲ ﺑﺎﺷـﺪ ﻭ ﺍﺯ

ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎﺭ ﺷﺒﻜﻪ ﺍﻱ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﺪ) ، ﻳﻚ ﻣﺪﻝ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺒﻜﻪ ﺍﻱ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻳﻜﺴـﺮﻱ ﻻﻳـﻪ ﻫـﺎﻱ Time stamped

ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺶ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪﺍﺕ Temporal ﺍﺯ ﻳﻚ ﺣﺎﺩﺛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻳﻚ ﺗﻮﺍﻟﻲ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﺪ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺗﻔﺎﻭﺕ ﻛـﻪ ESTDM

ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮﺍﺕ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﻣﺎ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺠﺎﻱ ﺫﺧﻴﺮﻩ ﻳﻚ Snapshot ﺩﺭ ﻳﻚ ﻟﺤﻈﻪ ﺯﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﺫﺧﻴﺮﻩ ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﺪ.

ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺪﻝ ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍ ﻳﻚ ﻧﻘﺸﻪ ﭘﺎﻳﻪ ﺫﺧﻴﺮﻩ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺳﭙﺲ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﺎﻧﻬﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮﺍﺕ ﺭﺥ ﻣﻲ ﺩﻫﻨﺪ ﻓﻘـﻂ ﺗﻐﻴﻴـﺮﺍﺕ

ﺭﺥ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺭﺍ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺫﺧﻴﺮﻩ ﺳﺎﺯﻱ ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻁ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮﺍﺕ ﺫﺧﻴﺮﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﻧﻘﺸﻪ ﻣﺒﻨﺎﻳﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﻳﻚ

ﻓﺎﻳﻞ ﻣﺤﺘﻮﺍﻱ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺗﻲ (header file) ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ .

ﻣﺸﻜﻞ ﺍﺻﻠﻲ ﺩﺭ ESTDM ، ﻭﻓﻖ ﺩﺍﺩﻥ ﺁﻥ ﺑﺎ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎﺭ ﺑﺮﺩﺍﺭﻱ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﺩﺭ ﺿـﻤﻦ ﺣﻔـﻆ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻫـﺎﻱ ﺗـﺎﺭﻳﺨﻲ

ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻮﺍﻟﻲ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮﺍﺕ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﻗﺒﻞ ، ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻣﻨﺪ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺰﻣﻬﺎﻱ ﭘﻴﭽﻴﺪﻩ ﺍﻱ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ.

(ii) ﻣﺪﻟﺴﺎﺯﻱ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﻣﺒﻨﺎ

ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺪﻝ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﻣﺒﻨﺎ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮﺍﺕ ﭘﻴﭽﻴﺪﻩ ﺍﺷﻴﺎﺀ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻲ ﻭ ﺣﻔﻆ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﻪ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﺷﻴﺎﺀ ﭘﻴﺸﻨﻬﺎﺩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳـﺖ. 

ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻣﺜﺎﻝ ﻳﻚ ﻣﺪﻝ ﺳﻪ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﺍﻱ (Three domain) ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﺠﺰﻳﻪ ﻭ ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﻓﻀﺎﻳﻲ- ﺯﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻴـﺎﺯ

ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎﺕ ﺁﺗﺶ ﺳﻮﺯﻱ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ [Yuan[1994 ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ. ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺪﻝ ﺍﺷـﻴﺎﺀ ﻓﻀـﺎﻳﻲ ، ﺯﻣـﺎﻧﻲ ﻭ ﻣﻔﻬـﻮﻣﻲ

(Semantic) ﺩﺭ ﺳﻪ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﻣﺠﺰﺍ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﻧﺪ. ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺟﺎﻱ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻳﻚ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺗﻮﺻـﻴﻔﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻮﻗﻌﻴـﺖ

ﺩﺭ ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﻮﺩ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻳﻚ ﻣﻔﻬﻮﻡ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻞ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺪﻝ ﺳﻪ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﺍﻱ ﻣﺪﻝ ﺷـﺪﻩ ﺍﺳـﺖ. ﻣﻔـﺎﻫﻴﻢ ﻭ ﺍﺟـﺰﺍﻱ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻫـﺎﻱ

ﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﻣﺮﺟﻊ ﺑﻮﺳﻴﻠﻪ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﺩﻳﻨﺎﻣﻴﻜﻲ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳﻪ ﺷﻴﺊ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺶ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ .

ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺪﻝ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻗﺎﺩﺭ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺶ ﻭﺍﻗﻌﻴﺖ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻪ ﺟﻨﺒﻪ ﺯﻳﺮ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ:

- ﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﻣﺒﻨﺎ (Location centered)

- ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻣﺒﻨﺎ (Entity centered)

- ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻣﺒﻨﺎ (Time centered)(٨)

ﻣﺰﻳﺖ ﺍﺻﻠﻲ ﻣﺪﻝ ﺳﻪ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﺍﻱ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻨﺴﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻥ ﻫﻴﭻ ﺍﻟﮕﻮﻱ ﺍﺯ ﭘﻴﺶ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﻱ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻧـﺪﺍﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺑـﺮﺍﻱ

ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺶ ﻳﻚ ﻣﻔﻬﻮﻡ ، ﺍﺷﻴﺎﺀ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻪ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﭘﻮﻳﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻢ ﻣﺘﺼﻞ ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﺪ.